Mountain Tab

To The Top

Earn the Mountain Tab at the Army Mountain Warfare School in Jericho, Vermont. Two weeks of technical climbing, mountain survival, and high-altitude tactical operations in the Green Mountains.

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14 Days — 3 Phases — 1 Tab

Phases
Technical Skills — Foundations
Days 1 – 5
Army Mountain Warfare School (AMWS)
Ethan Allen Training Site, Jericho, VT 05465
Duration5 Days
LocationJericho, VT
FocusTechnical climbing fundamentals
EligibilityE-4+ / O-1+
Key Events
Rock ClimbingMulti-pitch natural rock faces
RappellingFree rappel & cliff descents
Anchor SystemsNatural & artificial anchors
Rope ManagementFixed lines & rope bridges
BelayingTop-rope & lead belay techniques

The Technical Skills phase teaches fundamental mountaineering and climbing techniques. Students learn rock climbing on Vermont's natural rock faces, beginning with basic movement and progressing to multi-pitch routes that demand confidence and skill.

Rappelling is introduced early — students descend cliff faces with increasing height and exposure. Anchor construction is critical — students must build reliable natural and artificial anchor systems that will hold body weight under dynamic loads.

Knot tying, belaying, and rope management are tested continuously. A failed belay or bad anchor means someone dies. There is no room for error on the rock face.

Technical Skills Topics
  • Rock climbing — basic movement, handholds, footholds, route reading
  • Rappelling — body rappel, seat-hip rappel, free rappel
  • Anchor systems — natural anchors, pitons, chocks, SLCDs
  • Knot tying — figure-8, prusik, munter hitch, water knot
  • Belaying — top-rope and lead belay techniques
  • Rope management — coiling, throwing, fixed lines
  • Basic mountaineering equipment familiarization
Mountain Survival — Living in the Mountains
Days 6 – 10
Duration5 Days
LocationGreen Mountain field sites
EnvironmentMountain wilderness conditions
Key Events
Mountain WeatherReading conditions at altitude
Shelter ConstructionImprovised mountain shelters
Water ProcurementStream, snow, and rain collection
Mountain Land NavTerrain association & route finding

Mountain Survival is where AMWS students learn to live and operate in the mountain wilderness. Students spend five continuous days in the Green Mountains, maintaining themselves and their equipment in challenging alpine conditions.

Mountain weather is unpredictable and dangerous — conditions change in minutes at altitude. Shelter construction, fire starting, and water procurement are practiced under field conditions where failure means hypothermia or worse.

Mountain land navigation requires terrain association mastery. Map reading in mountainous terrain is fundamentally different from flat ground — contour lines, ridgelines, saddles, and draws become your primary reference points.

Survival Training Events
  • Mountain weather observation and prediction
  • Shelter construction — improvised and natural materials
  • Water procurement from streams, snow, and rain
  • Fire starting at altitude in adverse conditions
  • Mountain land navigation — terrain association
  • Altitude effects awareness and acclimatization
  • Route finding in mountainous terrain
Mountain Operations — Prove It
Days 11 – 14
Duration4 Days
LocationEthan Allen training area
FocusCulminating tactical FTX
Requirements
Cliff AssaultsTactical vertical movement
Rappel InsertionsTactical cliff descents
LeadershipLead under mountain conditions
Patrol Base OpsMountain patrol base operations

The Mountain Operations FTX integrates every technical and survival skill into a sustained tactical operation in mountainous terrain. Students plan and execute cliff assaults, rappel insertions, and tactical patrols across steep, rugged terrain.

Leadership is evaluated throughout the FTX. Graduates must demonstrate they can lead soldiers in mountain operations — managing ropes, anchors, and personnel on exposed rock faces while executing tactical missions.

The final assessment determines whether a student has demonstrated the technical proficiency, survival skills, and leadership required to plan and conduct mountain operations. Successful graduates earn the Mountain Tab.

FTX Requirements
  • Plan and execute cliff assaults under tactical conditions
  • Conduct rappel insertions with full combat equipment
  • Establish and maintain mountain patrol base operations
  • Demonstrate leadership in mountainous terrain
  • Execute tactical movement across steep, rocky terrain
  • Successfully complete all graded leadership events
Seasons
Winter — Most Demanding Cycle
Dec – Feb
Avg High15 – 30 °F
Avg Low0 – 15 °F
Snow DepthDeep — terrain covered
Ice ClimbingAdded to curriculum
ConditionsFrozen rock, ice, deep snow
Biggest ThreatHypothermia & icy rock faces

Winter is the most demanding Mountain Warfare cycle. The Green Mountains are buried in deep snow, rock faces are iced over, and temperatures regularly plunge below zero. Ice climbing is added to the curriculum, making winter the most technically challenging iteration.

Winter Gear Tips
  • ECWCS layering system — all layers essential
  • Insulated climbing gloves — dexterity in cold is critical
  • Crampons and ice tools for winter climbing
  • Extreme cold sleeping bag (-20°F rated minimum)
  • Hand warmers — cold fingers fail on rock faces
Spring — Mud Season & Wet Rock
Mar – May
Avg High40 – 65 °F
Avg Low20 – 40 °F
Rock ConditionsWet & slippery faces
Mud SeasonTrails saturated & unstable
WeatherUnpredictable — rapid changes
Biggest ThreatWet rock & unpredictable weather

Spring in Vermont is mud season. Snowmelt saturates every trail and rock face, making climbing treacherous. Wet rock provides far less friction, demanding better technique and stronger grip. Weather swings wildly — morning frost can give way to afternoon rain.

Spring Gear Tips
  • Waterproof outer layers — constant wet conditions
  • Climbing shoes with aggressive tread for wet rock
  • Extra dry socks — wet feet lead to blisters and trench foot
  • Gaiters for mud and saturated trails
  • Quick-dry base layers for temperature swings
Summer — Best Climbing Conditions
Jun – Aug
Avg High70 – 85 °F
Avg Low50 – 65 °F
Rock ConditionsDry — best friction
ThunderstormsAfternoon storms at altitude
Daylight14 – 16 hours
Best ForPrimary summer cycle classes

Summer offers the best climbing conditions. Dry rock provides maximum friction and long daylight hours allow extended training. However, afternoon thunderstorms at altitude are a real danger — lightning on exposed rock faces forces rapid tactical decisions.

Summer Gear Tips
  • Hydration system — heat and exertion cause rapid dehydration
  • Sun protection — exposed rock faces intensify UV
  • Lightweight rain shell for afternoon thunderstorms
  • Insect repellent — Vermont woods are thick with bugs
  • Light base layers for heat management on climbs
Fall — Foliage & Shorter Days
Sep – Nov
Avg High40 – 60 °F
Avg Low25 – 40 °F
FoliageDense — obscures terrain
Daylight9 – 12 hours — shortening
ConditionsExcellent climbing weather
Best ForExperienced students

Fall offers excellent climbing conditions with cool, dry air and solid rock friction. However, dense foliage obscures terrain features, making mountain navigation significantly harder. Shorter days compress the training timeline and late-season classes may encounter early frost and ice on rock faces.

Fall Gear Tips
  • Layering system for wide temperature swings
  • Headlamp with extra batteries for shorter days
  • Compass and map skills — foliage obscures landmarks
  • Light insulation layer for cold morning rock faces
  • Mental preparation for rapid weather deterioration
Class Calendar

AMWS Course Schedule

AMWS runs approximately 8 classes per fiscal year across summer and winter cycles. Source: Vermont Army National Guard / AMWS.

FY26

ClassReport DateGraduationSeason
AMWS 01-2612 Jan 202625 Jan 2026Winter
AMWS 02-2609 Feb 202622 Feb 2026Winter
AMWS 03-2609 Mar 202622 Mar 2026Spring
AMWS 04-2601 Jun 202614 Jun 2026Summer
AMWS 05-2622 Jun 202605 Jul 2026Summer
AMWS 06-2613 Jul 202626 Jul 2026Summer
AMWS 07-2603 Aug 202616 Aug 2026Summer
AMWS 08-2614 Sep 202627 Sep 2026Fall

~35% Attrition — The Mountain Doesn't Care

Fear of heights, technical failures, and injuries thin the ranks. The Green Mountains demand respect.

Don't Be That Mountain Student.

Every failure at AMWS has a type. We built a fix for each one.

Course Overview
14
Total Days
3
Phases
~65%
Grad Rate
VT NG
Host Unit
~8
Classes / FY
1
Tab Earned
Graduation Rates
2019
67%
Graduated
2020
64%
Graduated
2021
65%
Graduated
2022
68%
Graduated
2023
63%
Graduated
Failure Breakdown
Common Drop Reasons
Technical Climbing Failures~15%
Fear of Heights / Voluntary Withdrawal~8%
Injuries~7%
Leadership Evaluation Failure~5%
Key Context
Most drops occur during Technical Skills phase~50%
Fear of heights peaks at first rappel event~60% of VW
Prior climbing experience reduces attrition~25% lower
Winter classes have highest injury rateIce & cold

Key Takeaway: The rock face is the enemy, not the cadre. Technical proficiency on rope systems, grip and upper-body strength, and the mental toughness to operate on exposed cliff faces are the real tests. Arrive with climbing experience, cardiovascular fitness, and the nerve to look down without freezing.

Mountain Tough — To The Top

Graduates of the Army Mountain Warfare School have proven they can lead soldiers in the most challenging mountainous terrain on Earth. The Mountain Tab represents mastery of technical climbing, mountain survival, and tactical operations in environments that defeat unprepared forces.

From the granite cliffs and ridgelines of Vermont's Green Mountains, mountain warriors emerge ready to fight and win in any mountainous environment the Army may encounter — from the peaks of Afghanistan to the ranges of Korea.

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